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One glance at the light rail window – and the passenger is already informed about both the passing museum and his or her connection. This information will be displayed on the future semi-transparent display window, the SmartWindow. What sounded like science fiction in 2017 has largely become reality in the SmartMMI research project led by Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences (the HKA) – in a dual-system light rail vehicle operated by Albtal-Verkehrs-Gesellschaft mbH (AVG).
In the currently ongoing field test, the SmartMMI system developed in the project is being tested in consideration of the specifications for the corona pandemic. For this purpose, the SmartMMI app was made available to the public and the SmartWindow was installed in a dual-system light rail vehicle of the AVG. Passengers can interact with the SmartWindow and have desired information displayed on the window, for example the route network map, connection information, or points of interest along the rail route, insofar as these have already been included in the SmartMMI system in terms of data.
Within a six-month field test phase, the applications will be evaluated until spring 2022. The aim of these user studies is to find out in which situations and under which circumstances passengers interact with the SmartWindow. They will thus provide information about the potential and future viability of such interactive passenger information systems.
“With SmartMMI, we want to make transparent display technologies a tangible reality for public transport passengers. Up-to-date and highly relevant information will then find its way directly to passengers – and make public transport more attractive with digital technologies,” says Professor Schlegel, who is also coordinating the overall project as head of the Institute for Ubiquitous Mobility Systems at HKA.
The research project “Model- and Context-based Mobility Information on Smart Public Displays and Mobile Devices in Public Transport” (SmartMMI) with a project volume of 2.86 million euros was funded by the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI) as part of the mFUND innovation initiative from October 2017 to June 2021. ANNAX GmbH, AVG mbh, MENTZ GmbH and USU Software AG were involved as partners. Verkehrsbetriebe Karlsruhe and Karlsruher Verkehrsverbund also supported the project.
With the goal of further developing public transportation and providing passengers with a “Mobility Experience,” the SmartMMI project focuses on improving the provision of information to passengers along their mobility chain. The aim is to provide passengers with situation-specific information about disruptions, changes in planning, tourist destinations or services available along the route. The field test currently underway marks the start of testing of all the systems developed for this purpose.
As part of the SmartMMI project, the five project partners from industry and research developed new technologies ranging from data acquisition and data integration to data visualization. The project focused on researching and testing context-sensitive data provision of mobility data on specially developed intelligent semi-transparent display screens that can be installed in public transport vehicles. Furthermore, it is possible to couple the personal mobile device with the intelligent display panels. The SmartMMI app was developed for this purpose and enables personalized passenger information. It can also be used to bring trips planned on the smartphone into the SmartMMI vehicle and thus activate a travel guide on the large and interactive display in the vehicle. It is also possible to take along journeys calculated on the SmartWindow with the aid of the mobile app. This means that transfers can be managed without any problems.
To this end, the project partners developed new technologies for collecting and integrating various information from different data sources. In doing so, the consortium relied on the use of Big Data and Smart Data technologies and the integration of specific public transport data based on the latest standards co-developed in-house with Open Data and data from third-party providers. The data is semantically enhanced to enable intelligent integration and, above all, selection of the relevant data – in other words, “understanding” by systems as well. Contextual information that describes the current situation of the passengers is used for this purpose, thereby enabling the system to select data tailored to the situation and to prepare it in a way that is appropriate for the user and the situation. For example, sensitive data is displayed in a suitable format on the user’s smartphone, while general, supplementary information is displayed on the vehicle’s partially transparent SmartWindow. Thus, this larger surface can be used for more details and indications superimposed on reality. Visualization concepts can be used, among other things, to provide additional information about the route for a passenger in addition to his or her personal route, for example, about the weather or tourist attractions.
In the project, semantic connectors were developed that enhance public transport data and optimally link it with other data relevant along the travel chain. With the help of three prototypes, an intelligent travel information system was researched and developed to provide passengers with the best possible support in every situation during their public transport journey. In this way, the project makes a fundamental contribution to further developing the attractiveness of public transport as an ecological, time-saving and inexpensive alternative to automobile transport.
The introduction of such SmartMMI windows depends crucially on the receipt of further funding. The next step is to develop a SmartMMI window suitable for series production as part of a further research project.
About the BMVI’s mFUND
Within the framework of mFUND, the BMVI has been funding data-based research and development projects for digital and networked mobility 4.0 since 2016. Project funding is supplemented by active professional networking between stakeholders from politics, industry, administration and research and by the provision of open data on the mCLOUD portal. For more information, visit www.mfund.de.
The video shows the project idea, current project results and the prototypical implementation of these results in the railroad simulator. Currently the following services are available for application:
Currently we are developing Augmented Reality applications. Semi-transparent displays provide the possibility to show information about surrounding sights, such as the pyramid on the market place and the Karlsruhe Castle, while passing by. This way, current exhibitions and events as well as offers in retail can be displayed. But just take a look for yourself…
This document presents the results of the analysis phase of the mFund cooperation project SmartMMI – Model and Context-based Mobility Information on Smart Public Displays and Mobile Devices in Public Transport. This publication serves as a basis for further work in the project and as a reference for follow-up projects as well as for possible projects with similar issues. During the analysis phase persona and scenarios were developed which were used to identify use cases. The results of these steps are described in this document. For the Persona, windows were built in. Results from the IP-KOM-ÖV project were used as a basis. We hope to achieve similar synergy effects with the results presented here.
The SmartMMI research project “Model and context-based mobility information on smart public displays and mobile devices in public transport” was presented at the virtual trade exhibition IT-TRANS 2020 as part of a round table on December 3, 2020. In addition to the project presentation and the presentation of conducted user studies and their results, a lively discussion took place on how semi-transparent display panels can be used to strengthen the local retail trade. The international trade exhibition and conference took place between December 1 and 3 for the first time in online format. For all those who could not be there live, please find a video of the presentation below.
On October 27, Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences (Hochschule Karlsruhe – Technik und Wirtschaft) opened the Baden-Württemberg Institute for Sustainable Mobility (BWIM), the only one of its kind in the state, together with Minister of Science Theresia Bauer and Minister of Transport Winfried Hermann. Under the motto “Together we’re simply better on the move”, the institute aims to make an important contribution to sustainable mobility and thus to climate protection in the state. The SmartMMI demonstrator and concepts from the current project were presented at the kick-off events.
Under the motto “Back to the Future”, the 50th annual conference of the Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI) took place between September 28 and October 2, 2020. The conference INFORMATIK2020 took place within the GI annual conference where the research project SmartMMI, its concepts and results were presented in a session and a workshop.
SmartMMI presents 4 (four) scientific papers at the virtual international conference Human Computer Interaction International (HCII) 2020. The HCI is one of the largest conferences in the field of Human Computer Interaction. Due to the corona pandemic, this year’s conference did not take place in Copenhagen between 19 and 24 July as planned, but for the first time in its history completely online. The four scientific contributions reflect the current research focus of the project SmartMMI.
The evaluation of people’s mobility is crucial for understanding traffic, traffic security and the effects of traffic planning. In this paper, we present our toolbox for analyzing and evaluating aspects of different mobility modes. Some of these tools support the participation of road users in the analysis. The tools either can be applied to implement analyses for planning purposes or for the evaluation of implemented measures. Our goal is to improve the understanding of mobility in all its facets and ultimately to increase user comfort, safety and the overall user acceptance in urban mobility.
Passengers in public transport expect passenger information to be exact, timely and appropriate to their situation. Therefore, future passenger information systems should adapt to the passenger’s context as precisely as possible. In this paper, we present a context model and describe our architecture for an adaptive, multi-device passenger information system. We will also present adaptation scenarios that show the application of our context model.
User studies to evaluate public transport systems are often hard to set up. While field tests provide important insight into realworld usability of public transport systems, they are also complex and expensive. Especially in early development stages of public transport related systems, field tests are not appropriate. However, usability of public transport systems is often depending on “real-life” context factors that are hard to reproduce in lab-based user studies. We have developed a mockup of a tram or train compartment that can be flexibly used to create a public transport experience in user studies. In this paper we will describe our experiences and recurring challenges with user studies in public transport, the design and set-up of our mockup, as well as give an insight into its applications in studies we conducted and lessons we learned.
Adaptive passenger information for an enhanced mobility experience may be the next step towards a smart public transport. In our research project, we have developed a multi-device evaluation approach for adaptive passenger information systems of mobile public displays. An adaptive passenger information system needs to be aware of the passenger’s context. In order to fulfill this requirement, we use the passenger’s personal devices like smartphones or smart watches as context sources. In this paper, we describe our approach of a multidevice passenger information system evaluation focusing on privacy aspects. We present three different methods of pseudonyms that were used to visually link the personal information on passenger’s private devices with the displayed information on the public display. In addition, we report on our evaluation results from a user study evaluating the acceptance and the intelligibility of the used visual pseudonyms.
Title: Benchmark and Survey of Automated Machine Learning Frameworks
Authors: Zoeller M, Huber M
Published: 27.01.2021
Publisher: Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 70, 409-472
Title: Augmented Reality Passenger Information on Mobile Public Displays – an Iterative Evaluation Approach
Authors: Titov W, Keller C, Schlegel T
Conference: 3rd International Conference, MobiTAS 2021, Held as Part of the 23rd HCI International Conference (HCII 2021)
Conference Date: 24.-29.07.2021
Publisher: Springer
Title: Identifying Mobility Pattern of specific User Types based on Mobility Data
Authors: Gartner T, Titov W, Schlegel T
Conference: 3rd International Conference, MobiTAS 2021, Held as Part of the 23rd HCI International Conference (HCII 2021)
Conference Date: 24.-29.07.2021
Publisher: Springer
Title: Analysis of the Daily Mobility Behavior before and after the Corona Virus Pandemic – a Field Study
Authors: Titov W, Schlegel T
Conference: 3rd International Conference, MobiTAS 2021, Held as Part of the 23rd HCI International Conference (HCII 2021)
Conference Date: 24.-29.07.2021
Publisher: Springer
Title: SmartMMI – Passenger Information PLUS in Public Transport
Presenter: Titov W
Conference: mFUND-Exchange of Expertise on Passenger Data and -Information
Conference Date: 12.03.2020
Title: An Evaluation Environment for User Studies in the Public Transport Domain
Authors: Keller C, Titov W, Trefzger M, Kuspiel J, Gerst N, Schlegel T
Conference: 2nd International Conference, MobiTAS 2020, Held as Part of the 22st HCI International Conference (HCII 2020)
Conference Date: 19.-24.07.2020
Publisher: Springer
Title: A Multi-Device Evaluation Approach of Passenger Information Systems in Smart Public Transport
Authors: Titov W, Tran H, Keller C, Schlegel T
Conference: 2nd International Conference, MobiTAS 2020, Held as Part of the 22st HCI International Conference (HCII 2020)
Conference Date: 19.-24.07.2020
Publisher: Springer
Title: A Passenger Context Model for Adaptive Passenger Information in Public Transport
Authors: Keller C, Titov W, Schlegel T
Conference: 2nd International Conference, MobiTAS 2020, Held as Part of the 22st HCI International Conference (HCII 2020)
Conference Date: 19.-24.07.2020
Publisher: Springer
Title: Toolbox for Analysis and Evaluation of Low-Emmision Urban Mobility
Authors: Boehm F, Keller C, Titov W, Trefzger M, Kuspiel J, Sawilla S, Schlegel T
Conference: 2nd International Conference, MobiTAS 2020, Held as Part of the 22st HCI International Conference (HCII 2020)
Conference Date: 19.-24.07.2020
Publisher: Springer
Title: Augmented Reality Passenger Information on Mobile Public Displays
Authors: Titov W, Schlegel T
Conference: 23 Workshop GeNeMe 2020 – Communities in New Media
Conference Date: 07.-09.10.2020
Title: Connection Setup to Mobile Public Displays – Requirements and Data Exchange
Authors: Rickert C, Schlegel T
Conference: 1st Workshop on Evaluating Intelligent and Ubiquitous Mobility Systems, EvalIUMS 2020, Held as Part of the 50 Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI 2020)
Conference Date: 28.09.2020-02.10.2020
Title: Travel Companion in Public Transport Vehicles – the SmartMMI-Project Trams of Karlsruhe
Presenter: Keller C
Conference: Symposium: Vehicles of Tram-, Lightrail- and Subway- Trains
Conference Date: 12.-13.02.2019
Title: Light Rail Window of the Future
Authors: Titov W, Keller C, Schlegel T
Magazine: Research News 2019 – Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences
Publisher: Rectorate of the Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences – Technology and Economics
Release date: 18.03.2019
Title: Methodology for Qualitative Assessment of the Passenger Information in Public Transportation Systems
Authors: Metelka S, Titov W, Schlegel T
Conference: Hands on Sustainable Mobility : International Students Workshop and Conference
Conference Date: 19.-24.05.2019
Publisher: Centro Universitário de Brusque
Title: A Context Aware Evaluation Tool for Individual Mobility
Authors: Trefzger M, Titov W, Keller C, Böhm F, Schlegel T
Conference: Hands on Sustainable Mobility : International Students Workshop and Conference
Conference Date: 19.-24.05.2019
Publisher: Centro Universitário de Brusque
Title: Understanding the Usefulness and Acceptance of Adaptivity in Smart Public Transport
Authors: Keller C, Struwe S, Titov W, Schlegel T
Conference: 1st International Conference, MobiTAS 2019, Held as Part of the 21st HCI International Conference (HCII 2019)
Conference Date: 26.-31.07.2019
Publisher: Springer
Title: Evaluation of a Smart Public Display in Public Transport
Authors: Keller C, Titov W, Sawilla S, Schlegel T
Conference: Mensch und Computer 2019
Conference Date: 08.-11.09.2019
Publisher: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Title: How to get in Touch with the Passenger: Context-Aware Choices of Output Modality in Smart Public Transport
Authors: Keller C, Schlegel T
Conference: International Symposium on Wearable Computers
Conference Date: 09.-13.09.2019
Publisher: ACM Digital Library
Title: Context-Sensitive Travel Companion on Smart Public Displays in Public Transport
Presenter: Titov W
Conference: UITP-Training of Technologie Region Karlsruhe (TRK) “Data and Bussiness Intelligence”
Conference Date: 22.11.2019
Title: SmartMMI – Context-Sensitive Travel Companion in Public Transport
Presenter: Titov W, Gruber G
Conference: 2. mFUND Conference of BMVI “Data as a Motor for Mobility 4.0”
Conference Date: 16.-17.10.2018
Title: SmartMMI – Analysis Resuls of the Requirement Analysis
Authors: Keller C, Titov W, Schlegel T
Format: Information document for the research project “Model and Context-based Mobility Information on Smart Public Displays and Mobile Devices in Public Transport”
Adress:
Hochschule Karlsruhe – Technik und Wirtschaft
Institute of Ubiquitous Mobility Systems (IUMS)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Schlegel
Moltkestr. 30
76133 Karlsruhe
Phone: +49 (0)721 925-2569
Fax: +49 (0)721 925-2597
E-Mail: Thomas.Schlegel@hs-karlsruhe.de
Webseite: www.hs-karlsruhe.de/iums
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